Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer affecting the colon or rectum. While early diagnosis and advances in treatment have significantly improved survival rates, surgery remains a key part of the treatment plan—especially for localized or operable tumors.
As a Consultant Cancer Surgeon based in Latur, Dr. Priyanka Rathod emphasizes the importance of timely intervention, personalized treatment, and a well-managed recovery process in improving outcomes for colorectal cancer patients.
Understanding Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer usually begins as a small growth or polyp in the lining of the colon or rectum. Over time, some of these polyps can become cancerous. Common symptoms include:
- Blood in stool
- Unexplained weight loss
- Abdominal pain or cramping
- Changes in bowel habits (constipation or diarrhea)
Early-stage colorectal cancer can often be treated effectively with surgery, especially when detected before it spreads to other parts of the body.
Types of Colorectal Cancer Surgery
The choice of surgery depends on the size, location, and stage of the tumor. Here are the most common surgical options:
1. Polypectomy and Local Excision
Used for very early-stage cancers or precancerous polyps. These procedures are usually performed during a colonoscopy, with no need for external incisions.
2. Colectomy (Colon Resection)
This is the most common surgery for colon cancer. It involves removing the section of the colon that contains the tumor, along with nearby lymph nodes. The remaining parts of the colon are then reconnected (anastomosis).
- Partial Colectomy: Only the affected part of the colon is removed.
- Total Colectomy: Rarely done unless there are genetic conditions or multiple affected areas.
3. Proctectomy or Proctocolectomy
For rectal cancer, part or all of the rectum may be removed. In some cases, the anal sphincter can be preserved, allowing normal bowel movements. In more advanced cases, a colostomy may be required, where waste is collected in a bag outside the body.
4. Minimally Invasive Surgery
Many colorectal surgeries can now be performed using laparoscopic or robotic techniques, which involve smaller incisions, less pain, and faster recovery.
Post-Surgical Recovery: What to Expect
Recovery after colorectal cancer surgery varies depending on the type of surgery, the patient’s health, and whether additional treatments like chemotherapy are needed.
- Hospital Stay: Patients typically stay in the hospital for 4–7 days. During this time, doctors monitor healing, bowel function, and signs of infection or complications.
- Pain Management: Pain after surgery is normal but manageable with medications. Minimally invasive surgeries tend to result in less post-operative pain.
- Diet and Bowel Habits: A special diet may be recommended initially. Gradually, normal foods are reintroduced. It’s common to have changes in bowel habits, but these usually improve over time.
- Physical Activity: Walking and light activities are encouraged soon after surgery to aid recovery and prevent blood clots. Avoid heavy lifting for several weeks.
- Stoma Care (if applicable): If a stoma (colostomy or ileostomy) is required, patients are trained in how to manage it. Many people live normal, active lives with a stoma.
Additional Treatments Post-Surgery
Depending on the cancer’s stage and pathology report, your oncologist may recommend further treatments:
- Chemotherapy: To destroy any remaining cancer cells and prevent recurrence.
- Radiation Therapy: Commonly used for rectal cancer before or after surgery.
- Targeted Therapy: For specific types of advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer.
Dr. Priyanka Rathod carefully tailors treatment plans based on individual needs to ensure comprehensive care for every patient.
Follow-Up Care and Monitoring
Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor recovery, detect any signs of recurrence, and manage long-term side effects. These may include:
- Physical examinations
- Blood tests (including tumor markers)
- Colonoscopy
- Imaging studies (CT scans)
Living After Colorectal Cancer Surgery
Many patients return to normal life after surgery. Adopting healthy lifestyle habits such as a fiber-rich diet, regular exercise, avoiding tobacco, and limiting alcohol can improve overall well-being and reduce the risk of recurrence.
Mental health support is equally important. Emotional changes are common during cancer recovery, and speaking to a counselor or joining a support group can be very helpful.
Colorectal cancer is a serious condition, but with early diagnosis and expert surgical care, it is treatable. As a dedicated Cancer Surgeon in Latur, Dr. Priyanka Rathod offers advanced surgical expertise and compassionate post-operative care, helping patients through every step of their cancer journey.
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with colorectal cancer, don’t delay seeking expert consultation. Book an appointment with Dr. Priyanka Rathod to explore your treatment options and start your recovery journey with confidence.
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